How often should adults perform strength training for optimal health?

Short answer: At least 2 nonconsecutive days per week that work all major muscle groups. For greater benefit, aim for 2–3 sessions per muscle group per week (or 3 full-body sessions/week, or 4+ sessions using a split routine).

Key details:
- Guideline baseline: a minimum of 2 days/week of muscle-strengthening activities that involve all major muscle groups (legs, hips, back, chest, abdomen, shoulders, arms).
- Dose: 1–3 sets of 8–12 reps for most adults is typical for strength and functional improvement; heavier loads/fewer reps or lighter loads with more reps can be used depending on goals.
- Recovery: allow ~48 hours before training the same muscle group again to permit recovery and growth.
- Progression: gradually increase resistance, sets, reps, or frequency over weeks (progressive overload).
- Older adults / fall risk: 2–3 sessions/week plus balance and functional exercises; more frequent resistance work helps preserve muscle and bone health.
- Safety: use good form, warm up, and consult a clinician before starting if you have chronic conditions or mobility limitations.

Simple weekly examples:
- Beginner: full-body strength workouts Monday and Thursday (or Tuesday/Friday).
- Intermediate: full-body workouts Monday/Wednesday/Friday, or upper/lower split Mon/Tue/Thu/Fri.
- Advanced: 4+ sessions using targeted splits (push/pull/legs, etc.) with each muscle group hit 2–3 times/week.

This strength training should complement aerobic activity (e.g., 150–300 min/week moderate-intensity) for optimal overall health.